Swachh Bharat 2.0
Context:
NITI Aayog – UNDP hold 1st capacity building workshop for Maharashtra and Goa ULB’s on Sustainable Management of Plastic Waste Management under Swacch Bharat 2.0
About Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0
- SBM-U 2.0 envisions to make all cities ‘Garbage Free’ and ensure grey and black water management in all cities other than those covered under AMRUT, make all urban local bodies as ODF+ and those with a population of less than 1 lakh as ODF++, thereby achieving the vision of safe sanitation in urban areas.
- The Mission will focus on source segregation of solid waste, utilizing the principles of 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), scientific processing of all types of municipal solid waste and remediation of legacy dumpsites for effective solid waste management.
- The outlay of SBM-U 2.0 is around 1.41 lakh crore.
Key components of Swachh Bharat 2.0
- Ensuring complete access to sanitation facilities to serve additional populations migrating from rural to urban areas in search of employment and better opportunities.
- Complete liquid waste management in cities with less than 1 lakh population to ensure that all wastewater is safely contained, collected, transported and treated.
- Under Sustainable Solid Waste Management, greater emphasis will be on source segregation.
- Special focus will be put on the well-being of sanitation and informal waste workers.
- Material Recovery Facilities, and waste processing facilities will be set up, with a focus on phasing out single-use plastic. Construction & demolition waste processing facilities will be set up.
- Mechanical sweepers deployed in National Clean Air Programme cities and in cities with more than 5 lakh population.
- Remediation of all legacy dumpsites will also be done under the mission.
Expected outcomes of SBM 2.0
- It is expected that under Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0, all statutory towns will become at least ODF+; and all cities with <1 lakh population ODF++.
- Systems and processes will be in place so that all waste water is safely treated and optimally reused and no untreated wastewater pollutes water bodies.
- Regarding Solid Waste Management, it is expected that all cities will achieve at least 3-star Garbage Free certification under SBM-U 2.0
AMRUT 2.0
- AMRUT 2.0 mission will prove to be a major step towards making cities self-reliant and ensuring water security.
- Under this mission, drinking water surveys will be conducted to provide better water services to the people.
- AMRUT 2.0 aims to provide 100% coverage of water supply to all households in around 4,700 urban local bodies by providing about 2.68 crore tap connections and 100% coverage of sewerage and septage in 500 AMRUT cities by providing around 2.64 crore sewer/ septage connections, which will benefit more than 10.5 crore people in urban areas.
- It will adopt the principles of circular economy and promote conservation and rejuvenation of surface and groundwater bodies.
- The Mission will promote data led governance in water management and Technology Sub-Mission to leverage latest global technologies and skills.
- ‘Pey Jal Survekshan’ will be conducted to promote progressive competition among cities.
- The outlay of AMRUT 2.0 is around 2.87 lakh crore.
Impacts and Achievements of SBM-U and AMRUT
- SBM-U and AMRUT have contributed significantly to improve urban landscape during the last seven years.
- These Missions have improved the urban landscape by adopting scientific approach and engaging citizens through mass movement.
- Under the Swachh Bharat Mission, urban areas of 35 States and Union Territories have become open defecation free.
- More than 73 lakh toilets have been built across the country which has improved health and sanitation.
- In all, 97 per cent homes now have door to door waste collection facilities.
- The pace of construction of toilets will be further accelerated through Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0. Also, aspirational toilets will be built in high footfall areas.
- AMRUT has ensured water security by adding one crore 10 lakh water tap connections and 85 lakh sewer connections in the last six years.
- It has been ensuring water security by adding 1.1 crore household water tap connections and 85 lakh sewer connections, thus benefiting more than 4 crore people.
- ‘Swachhta’ has become a jan andolan today, all urban local bodies have been declared open defecation free and 70 per cent solid waste is being scientifically processed now
Significance
- The SBM-U 2.0 and AMRUT 2.0 have been designed to realize the aspiration to make all cities Garbage Free and Water Secure.
- These flagship missions signify a step forward towards effectively addressing the challenges of rapidly urbanizing India.
- It will also help in achieving the targets set under the Sustainable Development Goals-2030.
- The next phase of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and AMRUT is a key step in fulfilling Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s dream of urban ease of living and solving problems of the people.
About Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM)
- Swachh Bharat Mission was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Oct 2014 to make the country garbage and open defecation free by behavioural change.
- According to the government, since the launch of the scheme
- 62.09 lakh individual household toilets,
- 5.94 lakh community toilets have been constructed and
- 99% of the cities have been declared open defecation free (ODF).
- SBM (Gramin) comes under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
- SBM (Urban) Comes under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
- It was launched in June 2015 by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
- Aims
- To ensure that every household has access to a tap with the assured supply of water and a sewerage connection.
- To increase the amenity value of cities by developing greenery and well maintained open spaces like parks.
- To reduce pollution by switching to public transport or constructing facilities for non-motorized transport.
Source: PIB