Daily Insights November 10, 2025

Daily Insights November 10, 2025

1. New Criminal Laws: Technology-Driven Justice System

Source: PIB – November 9, 2025​

Key Points:

• Union Home Secretary emphasized that technology forms the bedrock of India’s new criminal laws (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam)

• e-Sakshya (electronic evidence) notifications issued by 26 States/UTs; e-Summons by 24 States/UTs

• Nyaya Shruti (video conferencing) notified by 16 High Courts covering 20 States/UTs

• Community service as punishment notified by 28 States/UTs

• Over 50 lakh FIRs registered under BNS; 33 lakh charge sheets filed; 22 lakh Sakshya IDs created

• 14 lakh victims received automated case updates through digital notifications

• 15.3 lakh police officers, 12,100 prosecution officers, and 18,884 judicial officers trained

• Aims to ensure victim-centric, technology-enabled justice delivery system

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – Governance, Polity; GS3 – Science & Technology; Digital India initiatives

2. India Joins Global #MedSafetyWeek Campaign

Source: PIB – November 9, 2025​

Key Points:

• National Coordination Centre – Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (NCC-PvPI) participated in 10th edition of global #MedSafetyWeek (November 3-9, 2025)

• Campaign involved 130 partner organizations across 117 countries sharing messages in 60+ languages

• Only 5-10% of suspected side effects are reported globally, creating an “iceberg effect”

• Theme: “Everyone has a role to play in medicines safety”

• Aims to raise awareness among patients, families, and healthcare professionals about reporting suspected side effects

• ADR Monitoring Centres and Market Authorization Holders joined the awareness effort

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – Health; International cooperation; Public health governance

3. Aditya-L1 Mission: First Spectroscopic Observations of Solar Eruptions

Source: The Hindu – November 10, 2025​

Key Points:

• ISRO’s Aditya-L1 mission captured first-ever spectroscopic observations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) near the Sun’s surface

• Using Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) payload, scientists observed CME parameters including electron density, energy, and temperature

• Mission positioned at Lagrange point L1 (1.5 million km from Earth) for continuous Sun observation

• Groundbreaking achievement in understanding solar activities and space weather

• Helps study solar wind acceleration, coronal heating, and drivers of space weather

• India’s first solar observatory mission launched in 2023

UPSC Relevance: GS3 – Science & Technology; Space technology; ISRO achievements; Prelims factual

4. COP30 Climate Summit Opens in Belém, Brazil

Source: UNFCCC

Key Points:

• 30th UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) commenced on November 10, 2025 in Belém, Brazil

• Conference runs till November 21, 2025 with 50,000 participants from 190+ nations

• Focus on implementing Paris Agreement, updating climate goals, and climate finance

• UN Climate Chief urged countries to cooperate rather than battle over priorities

• Brazil aims to secure $25 billion commitments for Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF)

• Key challenges: climate finance ($1.3 trillion target), adaptation strategies, fossil fuel phase-out

• Emphasis on implementation over new targets and bridging finance gaps

• Ethiopia confirmed to host COP32 in 2027

UPSC Relevance: GS3 – Environment; International climate governance; Paris Agreement; GS2 – International Relations

5. South Korea’s Ambitious 2035 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Target

Source: [Reuters, Korea Herald – November 10-11, 2025]​

Key Points:

• South Korea formally approved 53-61% greenhouse gas emissions reduction target by 2035 (from 2018 levels)

• Cabinet endorsed the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) on November 11, 2025

• Target announced at COP30 in Belém, Brazil

• Power sector: 68.8-75.3% reduction through coal phase-out and renewable energy expansion

• Transport sector: 60.2-62.8% reduction via electric/hydrogen vehicles and improved fuel efficiency

• Manufacturing/Industrial sector: 24.3-31% reduction (steel, heavy industries)

• Renewable energy capacity planned to reach 100 GW by 2030

• Aims to accelerate transition to carbon neutrality while enhancing industrial competitiveness

UPSC Relevance: GS3 – Environment; Climate change mitigation; International climate commitments; Comparative governance

6. Typhoon Fung-wong: Philippines and Taiwan Hit by Devastating Storm

Source: Multiple sources​

Key Points:

• Super Typhoon Fung-wong (Uwan) made landfall in Philippines on November 9, 2025 in Aurora province

• Peak intensity: 185 km/h sustained winds, gusts to 230 km/h; diameter 1,800 km

• At least 10-12 deaths in Philippines; 1.4 million people evacuated

• Struck just 5 days after Typhoon Kalmaegi which killed 232 people

• Taiwan evacuated 3,000+ people ahead of arrival on November 11-12

• Expected landfall near Kaohsiung with heavy rainfall (350+ mm)

• Caused flash floods, landslides, power outages across Northern Luzon and Bicol Region

• Philippines declared national state of calamity on November 6

• Armed Forces suspended exercises to assist disaster response

UPSC Relevance: GS1 – Geography (tropical cyclones); GS3 – Disaster Management; Typhoon formation and impacts

7. Bangladesh’s River Erosion Crisis: Brahmaputra-Jamuna River

Source: [Reuters, Nature – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• Brahmaputra River erosion in Bangladesh causing massive displacement and land loss

• Rivers like Brahmaputra, Teesta, Padma, and Jamuna eroding at hundreds of meters in months

• Accelerated Himalayan glacier melt and erratic monsoon patterns causing unpredictable river swelling

• Communities on fragile river islands facing constant relocation threats

• Socioeconomic impacts: loss of homes, settlements, agricultural land, and livelihoods

• Policy gaps: inadequate funding, poor stakeholder coordination, fragmented frameworks

• Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 advocates adaptive management but lacks immediate measures

• ADB approved $200 million loan for flood and riverbank erosion risk management in Assam (India) along Brahmaputra

UPSC Relevance: GS1 – Geography (river erosion, climate impacts); GS3 – Environment; Disaster Management; India-Bangladesh shared rivers

8. India’s Deep Tech Market to Reach $30 Billion by 2030

Source: [Redseer Report – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• India’s deeptech market projected to reach $30 billion by 2030 (from current $9-12 billion in FY2025)

• 2.5x growth in past 5 years driven by defence innovation and global robotics

• Defence budget doubled to $80 billion over past decade, outpacing US and China growth rates

• Focus areas: AI-driven autonomous systems, energy propulsion, advanced drone technology

• Global robotics market to grow from $60 billion to $230 billion by 2030

• Humanoid robots: $10 billion opportunity; India’s production costs 73% lower than US

• India emerging as trusted, low-cost scale hub outside China

• Investment opportunities in autonomous aerial systems, AI training, resilient propulsion

UPSC Relevance: GS3 – Economy (emerging sectors); Science & Technology; Defence technology; Innovation ecosystem

9. India-EU FTA Negotiations Progress in New Delhi

Source: [PIB – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• High-level EU delegation visited New Delhi from November 3-7, 2025 for FTA negotiations

• Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal met EU Trade DG Sabine Weyand on November 5-6

• Discussions covered trade in goods/services, investment, sustainable development, rules of origin

• India raised concerns on Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and proposed steel regulation

• India seeks relief from EU’s proposal to double steel duties to 50% and tighten quotas

• EU seeking concessions on automobile tariffs; India linking it to steel market access

• Both sides expressed satisfaction with substantive progress and convergence on several areas

• Target to conclude ambitious, forward-looking FTA supporting sustainable growth

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – International Relations; GS3 – Economy (trade policy, FTAs); CBAM and climate trade measures

10. Air Pollution Protests at India Gate, New Delhi

Source: [Indian Express Editorial, Reuters – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• Rare citizen protests at India Gate on November 9, 2025 demanding action on toxic air pollution

• Air Quality Index (AQI) breached 400 in several areas (severe category)

• Hundreds of citizens including parents, students, elderly gathered with masks and banners

• Demand: Clean air as a non-negotiable right, not charity from the state

• Delhi police detained dozens during the protest

• Editorial highlights: reframes pollution as political betrayal, not just administrative lapse

• Calls for actionable National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) and CAQM (Commission for Air Quality Management) measures

• Pollution treated as seasonal inconvenience by political class with partisan blame-shifting

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – Governance; Civil society activism; GS3 – Environment; Air pollution; NCAP

11. Indian Express Editorial: After Trump-Xi Ceasefire – India’s Strategic Recalibration

Source: [Indian Express Editorial – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• 2025 Trump-Xi meeting at APEC Summit in Busan marks temporary ceasefire in US-China tensions

• China shifting from “wolf warrior diplomacy” to measured pragmatism amid economic strains

• Hints of Deng Xiaoping’s approach (“hide your strength, bide your time”)

• US pursuing selective engagement and containment through coalition diplomacy

• Implications for India: Must avoid binary alignment (pro-US or anti-China)

• Need for strategic prudence and maintaining strategic autonomy

• US keen on revitalizing ties with India, Japan, ASEAN, NATO to balance Beijing

• India must recalibrate foreign policy amid shifting global power dynamics

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – International Relations; India’s foreign policy; US-China relations; Strategic autonomy; Indo-Pacific

12. The Hindu Editorial: Burden of Proof – Electoral Integrity Concerns

Source: [The Hindu Editorial – November 10, 2025]​

Key Points:

• Rahul Gandhi’s allegations of irregularities in 2024 Haryana Assembly elections

• Claims: 25 lakh votes (1 in 8 voters) were potentially “fake” in electoral rolls

• Breakdown: 5.21 lakh duplicate voters, 93,174 invalid voters, 1.24 lakh fake/blurred photos

• Example: 1 Brazilian model’s photo used 22 times across polling booths

• Allegations of ECI colluding with ruling BJP through bulk voter deletions/additions

• ECI’s defense: Issues can only be rectified through Special Intensive Revision (SIR)

• Editorial raises concerns on transparency, accountability, and level playing field

• Only voter’s choice remains confidential, not fact of whether they voted or appeared on rolls

• Calls for electoral roll management reforms and open communication

UPSC Relevance: GS2 – Polity; Electoral reforms; Election Commission of India; Transparency in democracy

PIB

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